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Note dark eye and yellow bill with a prominent gonys-spot developing, dark markings and ivory tip giving a four-coloured appearance.
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Note yellow legs.
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Note the relative short, heavy and stubby bill. Nostrils are triangular being broad in front and narrow at rear.
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The head is faintly dark stribed in winter with coarser spots on hindneck.
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Note that underside of secondaries appear as a darker grey rectangle against the white underwing coverts and the broad white trailing edge to the secondaries.
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Note that trailing edge is very broad on secondaries and narrow on inner primaries.
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In flight the species appears rather stocky and flat bellied. Note the primary moult with p8 almost fully grown, p9 almost half grown and p10 not even visible.
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Note relatively dark grey upperparts with extensive black and clear-cut wing tip.
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